Highland cattle are known for their hardiness and distinctive long horns and shaggy coats. However, like all cattle, they are susceptible to eye infections, particularly pinkeye (infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis). Pinkeye is a highly contagious bacterial infection that can cause significant discomfort, reduced weight gain, and even blindness if left untreated. In this guide, we’ll cover prevention, symptoms, and treatment options to keep your Highland herd healthy.
What Causes Pinkeye in Highland Cattle?
Pinkeye is most commonly caused by the bacterium Moraxella bovis. Factors that increase risk include:
- Ultraviolet light exposure (sunlight)
- Flies and other eye irritants
- Dust, pollen, and tall grass
- Overcrowding and poor hygiene
- Nutritional deficiencies (especially vitamin A and selenium)
Highland cattle’s long hair can trap moisture and debris, creating a breeding ground for bacteria. Their prominent eyes also offer less protection from environmental irritants.
Symptoms of Pinkeye
Early detection is crucial. Watch for:
- Excessive tearing and squinting
- Redness and swelling of the conjunctiva
- Cloudiness or white spot on the cornea
- Sensitivity to light
- Rubbing eyes against objects
- In advanced cases, corneal ulceration or rupture
Prevention Strategies
1. Fly Control
Flies are the primary vector for pinkeye. Use insecticide ear tags, pour-ons, or fly traps. Keep pastures clean of manure.
2. Reduce Irritants
Manage pasture height to avoid tall, seed-laden grass. Provide shade to reduce UV exposure. Control dust in dry conditions.
3. Nutrition and Immunity
Ensure adequate vitamin A, selenium, and zinc. Consider vaccination (though effectiveness varies by strain).
4. Quarantine New Animals
Isolate new herd additions for at least 30 days to prevent introducing infection.
Treatment and Care
If you suspect pinkeye, isolate the affected animal to prevent spread. Treatment options:
Antibiotics
Subconjunctival injections of oxytetracycline or tulathromycin are effective. Topical antibiotic sprays or ointments can also be used.
Anti-inflammatories
NSAIDs like flunixin meglumine reduce pain and swelling. Never use corticosteroids on corneal ulcers.
Supportive Care
Keep the animal in a dark, clean pen. Apply a fly mask or tape eyelids closed if the eye is severely ulcerated (only under veterinary advice).
Surgery
For severe cases, third eyelid flaps or conjunctival grafts may be needed.
When to Call the Vet
- If the eye is severely inflamed or perforated
- If the animal is in extreme pain or not eating
- If multiple animals are affected
- For proper diagnosis and treatment plan
Long-Term Herd Health
Keeping a clean, low-stress environment is key. Regularly inspect all animals and address eye health as part of your overall management plan. With prompt care, most Highland cattle recover fully from pinkeye without lasting damage.
By implementing these prevention and care strategies, you can protect your Highland cattle from pinkeye and maintain a productive, healthy herd.
